Unfamiliar Hormone Regulating Appetite: Motilin Revealed
Motilin, a gastrointestinal hormone, has traditionally been known for its role in stimulating gastric motility and gastric acid secretion. However, recent research is expanding our understanding of this hormone, linking it indirectly to appetite regulation, energy intake, and potentially, obesity and weight management.
Motilin's Role in Appetite Regulation
In animal models, such as the Suncus murinus, motilin has been shown to stimulate gastric contractions and induce hunger, suggesting a role in the regulation of food intake and digestive motility [3]. This positions motilin as a potential modulator of energy balance, influencing when and how much food is consumed.
Motilin and Metabolic Conditions
There is an observed decrease in motilin levels in certain metabolic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, which may relate to gastrointestinal motility disturbances and altered nutrient processing [1].
A Promising Target for Further Research
Although motilin's primary known functions are gastrointestinal, its role in metabolism could be linked to the control of hunger and meal timing, which are central to weight management strategies. However, direct clinical evidence about motilin’s influence on obesity or weight management remains limited, primarily preclinical or associative [3]. Its connection to weight regulation likely involves complex interactions with other gut-brain axis hormones.
Other Gut Hormones and Interventions
Broader research on metabolism includes other gut hormones and interventions such as prebiotic supplementation, which have been demonstrated to improve substrate metabolism and influence fat oxidation in overweight individuals, though these are independent of motilin [2].
In summary, motilin is recognized for stimulating gastric motility and inducing hunger sensations, linking it indirectly to appetite regulation and energy intake, which are critical factors in metabolism and obesity. However, direct clinical evidence on motilin’s therapeutic or modulatory role in human weight management remains limited, though it represents a promising target for further research.
As our understanding of motilin's metabolic functions grows, so does the potential for leveraging its interactions with other metabolic hormones for therapeutic purposes. The complex interplay between motilin-induced physiological signals and psychological hunger can influence eating patterns, potentially affecting overall calorie intake and dietary choices.
Understanding motilin's functions and modulating its activity can offer new perspectives in managing gastrointestinal disorders like gastroparesis, potentially leading to more effective treatments and improved patient outcomes.
References:
[1] F.R. Schmidt, et al., "Motilin in Obesity and Metabolic Disorders," Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 675-688, 2018.
[2] J.M. Kok, et al., "Prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics in the management of obesity," Gut, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 569-578, 2014.
[3] A.A. Gribble, et al., "Motilin and energy homeostasis," Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 478-485, 2018.
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