Slowed heart rate, also known as Bradycardia, explained.

Bradycardia is a medical condition characterized by a heart rate less than 60 beats per minute. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of bradycardia, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.

If you are experiencing symptoms associated with bradycardia, such as fatigue, dizziness or lightheadedness, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain, it's crucial to seek medical attention promptly. Left untreated, bradycardia can lead to serious complications like heart failure or, in severe cases, cardiac arrest, a life-threatening condition where the heart stops beating effectively.

Diagnosing bradycardia involves a medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests. These may include an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), Holter monitor, event monitor, blood tests, and more. Common causes of bradycardia include heart tissue damage, electrolyte imbalances, medications, hypothyroidism, and sleep apnea.

Bradycardia can be classified into two main types: sinus bradycardia and non-sinus bradycardia. Sinus bradycardia occurs when the sinus node, the heart's natural pacemaker, slows down. Non-sinus bradycardia, on the other hand, results from abnormalities in the heart's electrical conduction system.

Treatment for bradycardia depends on the underlying cause. Options may include adjusting medications, treating underlying conditions, or implanting a pacemaker in severe cases. For individuals with significant symptoms or those whose bradycardia is caused by a malfunctioning electrical system in the heart, a pacemaker may be recommended.

Living with bradycardia can sometimes feel isolating. Connecting with support groups can provide emotional support and practical advice. Staying active, maintaining a balanced diet, avoiding stimulants, and making lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms and improve heart health. Monitoring your heart rate can be done using heart rate monitors or smartphone apps. It's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before making significant changes to your lifestyle, especially if you have bradycardia.

The development of research in bradycardia therapy is driven by the need for improved, less invasive, and more immediate treatment options. For example, the new ultrasound-based pacemaker designed for emergency and temporary bradycardia cases allows heart stimulation without implanted electrodes and enables rapid intervention in acute situations.

Living with bradycardia can significantly impact your quality of life due to symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath. However, by understanding the condition, seeking timely medical attention, and making necessary lifestyle changes, it is possible to manage bradycardia effectively and maintain a good quality of life.