Hà Nội chokes under third severe smog crisis of the season
Hà Nội is facing its third severe air pollution crisis of the season, with dangerously high pollution levels recorded from November 28 to December 5. Monitoring stations across the city have reported very unhealthy air quality, raising concerns over public health and environmental management. The city's air quality typically worsens between October and March, with pollution peaking at three distinct times: early morning (5–8am), evening (5–7pm), and late at night (from 9pm onwards). Industrial activities, heavy-duty vehicles, and open burning are major contributors, particularly during late-night hours when emissions accumulate.
Topography, local emission sources, and unfavourable weather conditions all play a role in trapping pollutants. Additionally, pollution drifting in from neighbouring provinces adds to the problem. Officials have acknowledged that weak enforcement and limited oversight by state environmental agencies have allowed the issue to persist. In response, authorities have introduced measures like Directive 20 and Decision 68 to tackle air quality. However, experts stress the need for stricter monitoring, better use of technology, and stronger enforcement to bring about lasting improvements.
The current pollution levels remain alarming, affecting health, economic activity, and daily life. Without more decisive action, the recurring smog episodes are likely to continue, particularly during the high-risk winter months.
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