Exploring Ground Source Heat Pumps: An In-depth Look at this Low-Carbon Heating Solution

The Boiler Upgrade Scheme, a government initiative, offers support for homeowners looking to upgrade their heating systems. One such option is the ground source heat pump, an eco-friendly solution that can help reduce running costs and carbon emissions.

What is a Ground Source Heat Pump?

A ground source heat pump system consists of two main components: a ground array and a heat pump. The ground array can be a horizontal grid of pipes or two or three vertical boreholes, buried underground. The heat pump, installed inside the house, works by pumping a mix of water and anti-freeze around the ground array pipes to absorb the low-grade heat provided by solar energy and stored in the ground. Using compression and expansion technology, the heat pump extracts and amplifies that heat, increasing the temperature and making it useful in the house.

Types of Ground Source Heat Pumps

There are two main methods of collecting heat from the ground: horizontal ground array and vertical or borehole array. Ground source heat pumps can also draw heat from the air and from water sources. Water source heat pumps make use of bodies of water, such as lakes, rivers, ponds, and streams, using pipes installed via pond mats submerged into the water.

Benefits of Ground Source Heat Pumps

Ground source heat pumps significantly reduce heating running costs and CO2 emissions. They can also be combined with renewable electricity sources such as solar PV panels, making them an even greener option. Moreover, these systems can provide cooling and overheating protection, and can be set up to deliver passive cooling using the low ground temperature.

Installation and Considerations

To qualify for the Boiler Upgrade Scheme, the system must be installed by an MCS-accredited supplier. It is not advisable to install a ground source heat pump system yourself, as it is a technically complex task best left to trained, experienced installers. Planning permission is usually not required for ground source heat pump installation, but it's wise to consult local authorities in certain situations.

A well-insulated house can help reduce the initial costs and running costs of a ground source heat pump system. Taking a "fabric first" approach to a home is important for maximizing the efficiency of a ground source heat pump system. Installing an oversized ground source heat pump is not beneficial and can lead to higher costs and reduced efficiency.

The heat pump is installed inside the house, often in cupboards or dedicated plant rooms. Some units include a hot water cylinder and can be the size of a large filing cabinet. A good installer will calculate the exact amount of heat needed for a house to determine the size of the heat pump needed.

Conclusion

Ground source heat pumps are a promising solution for homeowners looking to reduce their carbon footprint and save on energy costs. With the Boiler Upgrade Scheme's support, adopting this technology is now more accessible than ever. As always, it's essential to consult with a qualified installer to ensure a properly sized and efficiently functioning system.