EU tackles fire risks linked to R290 refrigerants in heat pump systems

In a bid to promote the adoption of sustainable heating solutions, the SkillSafe project, co-funded by the European Union, is underway. Led by Daikin Europe, this initiative aims to develop safety guidelines for R290 heat pumps, a refrigerant that is being increasingly adopted due to its lower environmental impact and higher energy efficiency.

The European Heat Pump Association has shown its support for the SkillSafe project, recognising the importance of addressing safety concerns associated with R290 in air source heat pumps. The flammability of R290, particularly in residential properties, has raised eyebrows, but the project seeks to allay these fears.

David Hilton, a seasoned expert in sustainable buildings and energy efficiency, reassures that the chances of ignition with R290 heat pumps are low. With a Masters degree in Sustainable Architecture and membership in the Gas Safe Register, Hilton's knowledge spans building fabrics, heat recovery ventilation, renewables, and conventional heating systems.

Hilton notes that while R290 contains a small amount of propane, it is comparable to large propane bottles used in caravan parks. He emphasises that for ignition to occur, there would have to be a certain mix of propane to air. With a monobloc heat pump, any leak would quickly dissipate into the air, making ignition less likely.

The SkillSafe project will develop risk assessments and pilot guidelines in five countries. These guidelines are intended for installers and consumers handling R290, a refrigerant that, while odourless, can interfere with its function if impurities are added. Proper leak management is, therefore, crucial.

Major heat pump providers are making the switch from using F-gas refrigerant-powered heat pumps to R290. This transition is driven by the environmental benefits of R290, which has a global warming potential (GWP) that is significantly lower than that of F-gases.

The project, which is backed by €1.3m in funding, is a significant step towards improving safety standards and accelerating the use of sustainable heating solutions. David Hilton, an authoritative figure in the field, serves as a distinguished speaker at the Homebuilding & Renovating Show, further highlighting the importance of this initiative.

As the industry focuses on balancing the advantages of R290 with safety measures, the SkillSafe project is poised to play a pivotal role in ensuring its efficient and secure use in homes. The European Union's SkillSafe project is a testament to its commitment to promoting sustainable and safe heating solutions.