Early cancer diagnosis: methods for self-examination of testicles

In a recent article, Sigrid Wagner, the speaker of the German Society of Urology (DGU), has emphasized the significance of regular testicular self-examinations. According to the statistics, approximately 4,300 men were diagnosed with testicular cancer in 2022.

Testicular cancer, if detected early, can often be cured. Men between the ages of 20 and 40 are most commonly affected by this disease. However, it's essential to note that a family history of testicular cancer can increase a man's risk.

During a self-examination, one should check for any swellings or skin changes, as well as feel for hard lumps or thickenings. The process involves gently rolling each testicle between the thumb and index finger of both hands. It's best to perform this examination after a warm shower or bath, as the skin of the scrotum is more relaxed then.

If a man finds any hard lumps, thickenings, or if one testicle appears enlarged or swollen, it is recommended to consult a urologist promptly. Persistent pain or discomfort in the testicular area, or even small, pea-sized knots, should not be ignored.

Axel Merseburger, director of the Urology Clinic at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) and spokesperson for the DGU, reiterates the importance of prompt medical attention for any concerning findings during self-examination.

Moreover, men who have had one or both testicles in the abdominal cavity, even after surgical treatment, may have a higher risk. The epididymis, a soft and curved structure located at the top and back of the testicle, should also be checked during self-examination.

The DGU encourages men to perform a self-examination for testicular cancer monthly to increase the chances of early detection and successful treatment. For those seeking professional guidance, the Urology Clinic at the UKSH, directed by Axel Merseburger, stands ready to provide expert care.