Determining cancer early on: A guide to testicular self-examination

In a recent statement, Axel Merseburger, director of the Clinic for Urology at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) and spokesperson for the German Society of Urology (DGU), emphasized the significance of regular self-examination for testicular cancer.

Self-examination involves a simple and straightforward process. After a warm shower or bath, when the skin of the scrotum is relaxed, gently roll each testicle between the thumb and index finger to check its surface. It's important to look for any swellings or skin changes, as well as the smoothness of the testicle, which is a good sign during self-examination.

If the testicle feels unusually hard or soft, or if there are any lumps or abnormalities, they should be followed up on. Men with one or both testicles in the abdominal cavity, even after surgical treatment, may have an increased risk.

The Clinic for Urology at the UKSH is a relevant institution for testicular cancer-related matters, as stated by Merseburger. Self-examination also includes checking the epididymis, which is a soft and curved structure that lies at the top and back of the testicle. Even small, pea-sized knots should not be ignored during self-examination.

Early detection of testicular cancer can lead to a cure in most cases. This is why Merseburger advises regular self-examination, as it can help detect testicular tumours early. In 2022, approximately 4,300 men received a testicular cancer diagnosis.

It's worth noting that testicular cancer primarily affects men between the ages of 20 and 40. A family history of testicular cancer may also increase a man's risk. If a man notices a persistent feeling of pulling or heaviness in the testicle, it should be checked out.

If hardness, lumps, or other abnormalities are felt during self-examination, they should be checked by a urologist. The speaker of the German Society of Urology mentioned in the article is Sigrid Wagner. Merseburger reiterated the importance of seeking medical attention if abnormalities are found, stressing that early detection and treatment are crucial for a favourable outcome.